Introduction

Dogs that suffer from constipation often have their diet to blame. However, there are a number of other things that also can cause a dog to become constipated, including ingestion of foreign objects, administration of certain medications, dehydration, cancer and hypothyroidism, among others. A veterinarian is the best one to care for a dog with this condition and to discuss the possible causes of the problem and treatment options with its owner. The goals of treating constipation are to re-hydrate the dog, clear the colon of retained feces, identify and correct the underlying cause of the disorder and relieve the dog’s discomfort. Constipation can be dangerous, so it is important for an affected dog to receive treatment as quickly as possible.

Treatment Options

If an owner suspects that her dog is constipated, she should consult a veterinarian for treatment. The medical options depend on the cause of the condition. Every dog should have free access to fresh water at all times. Sometimes, constipation can be treated with laxatives to draw water into the intestines and soften the feces. Enemas can also be used to evacuate the bowel. Another potential treatment option is adding milk to the dog’s diet. The lactose in milk is difficult for dogs to digest; it pulls fluid into the bowel and stimulates intestinal motility. Typically, milk causes diarrhea in adult dogs. However, giving a constipated dog an amount of milk that would otherwise cause a non-constipated dog to develop diarrhea can be an inexpensive and effective laxative.

Foods with extremely high fiber content, such as unprocessed wheat bran or unsweetened pureed canned pumpkin, can be added to the dog’s diet to promote defecation. Soaking dry kibble with warm water before feeding is another easy way to add liquid to the digestive tract. Of course, if something is causing a physical intestinal obstruction, such as a tumor or a foreign object, it probably will be necessary for a veterinarian to remove it surgically. It is extremely important for a veterinarian to be involved with any treatment of a dog with constipation, as certain types of laxatives and enemas can cause more harm than good and may be dangerous for dogs with kidney disorders.

Other less traditional techniques that may benefit constipated dogs, in addition to medical treatment, might include: massage therapy to stimulate blood flow and peristalsis; application of acupuncture and/or acupressure techniques; use of herbal or other non-regulated supplements or homeopathic “remedies”; and other forms of supportive care that may help to ease discomfort, increase circulation, promote intestinal motility and otherwise promote wellness, relaxation and comfort. Some of these adjunct approaches lack controlled studies of their effectiveness and may not have established quality control methods or ways to assess their benefit to dogs with constipation or other gastrointestinal disorders.

Preventative Measures

Dog owners can also take measures to try and prevent constipation. It is essential that dogs have access to clean water at all times, because hydration is paramount to preventing constipation. Also, as mentioned above, a high-fiber diet can promote regularity in dogs. Regular exercise is also an effective weapon against constipation. Some more specific preventative steps include switching from natural to nylon bones to aid in digestion, eliminating medications that contribute to constipation and, with the help of a veterinarian, learning how to feel a dog’s abdomen to recognize when it is constipated.

Prognosis

The prognosis for dogs suffering from constipation is generally quite good.